Central Sahel: Children supported to process trauma, but scale-up needed

Across Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger, which make up the Central Sahel, 12 million people now require humanitarian support, including 8.2 million children.

“Imagine a child in your care telling you: ‘I saw a motorbike hit a child until his head exploded.’ This offers a small window into the immense trauma being endured by children in some of the world’s most complex – and neglected – humanitarian crises, in the Central Sahel,” said Hassane Hamadou, NRC’s regional director for Central and West Africa.  

“Gunfire, displacement, and food insecurity have become part of daily life, with many children also witnessing terrible atrocities. Children urgently need psychosocial support to process this trauma, and to give them the tools not only to begin healing, but also for their communities to begin to rebuild.” 

Testimonies collected by NRC demonstrate that children continue to live with the trauma and sense of danger generated by such experiences long after the immediate threat has passed. Their mental wounds are compounded by a lack of educational opportunities, and an even deeper lack of psychosocial support, which both have a detrimental effect on children's ability to learn.  

Amid these challenges, governments across the Central Sahel are showing leadership by helping to keep children learning and integrating psychosocial wellbeing into education policy and practice. NRC’s Better Learning Programme, developed in partnership with the Arctic University of Norway and implemented in partnership with education ministries, builds on this momentum. It offers a tested approach to address trauma and restore learning abilities; several countries, including Burkina Faso, are now adopting it at national scale.  

The programme, which mobilises the support network of caregivers, teachers, and counsellors, aims to restore a sense of normality, and hope. It works to provide children with the tools and techniques needed to process their trauma and regulate their emotions during times of stress. This includes breathwork and other exercises for emotional regulation. This in turn helps them to feel safer, get back to learning, and ultimately to return to some semblance of childhood. 

Many children confided in their parents and teachers, explaining how the programmes have helped them begin to recover. “These are movements that turn a sad person into a happy person,” explained one child from Dori in Burkina Faso.  "I was scared when I heard shots and I took a deep breath, it passed," said another.

Teachers have also faced huge challenges trying to support children who lived through traumatic experiences. The programme has offered them practical support, allowing them to strengthen their own skills. “When we use the exercises, I feel calmer, more able to manage the class even when it’s crowded or noisy. It helps me to focus and not let fear take over,” reported a teacher working with the BLP programme.